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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Scalable, Flexible, and Cost-Effective Seedling Grafting

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Rice ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 101 increases leaf angle by upregulating BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED 1.

Boyeong Kim¹, Chaemyeong Lim^1,2, Jin-Ah Kim¹

¹Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology

|July 11, 2025

Summary

ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 101 (OsERF101) regulates rice leaf angle by influencing the lamina joint. This gene activates BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED 1 and downregulates brassinosteroid biosynthesis, forming a feedback loop for plant architecture.

Keywords:

OsERF101 brassinosteroid lamina joint leaf angle rice

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Genetics
Agricultural Science

Background:

Leaf angle (LA) is a key determinant of plant architecture, impacting photosynthesis and grain yield.
The APETALA2/ethylene response factor family plays crucial roles in plant development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 101 (OsERF101) in regulating rice leaf angle.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which OsERF101 influences leaf development and brassinosteroid signaling.

Main Methods:

Gene mutation and overexpression analyses to study OsERF101 function.
Transactivation assays and RT-qPCR to analyze gene expression and promoter binding.
Measurement of endogenous brassinolide (BL) levels.

Main Results:

A null mutation in OsERF101 reduced LA, while OsERF101 overexpression (OsERF101-OEs) increased LA.
OsERF101 directly activates the transcription of BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED 1 (OsBU1).
OsERF101 expression is suppressed by brassinosteroids (BRs) and it downregulates BR biosynthesis genes, reducing endogenous BL levels in OsERF101-OEs.

Conclusions:

OsERF101 plays a significant role in rice leaf angle formation by modulating the adaxial lamina joint.
OsERF101 mediates a negative feedback loop involving brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signaling to regulate leaf angle.
These findings highlight OsERF101 as a key regulator for optimizing rice plant architecture.