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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
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Autophagy01:27

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Decoding the autophagic code in obstructive sleep apnea: a multi-organ mechanistic dissection.

Na Dong1, Hongmei Yue1

  • 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involves intermittent hypoxia impacting organs. Autophagy, a cellular process, plays a key role in OSA

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Obstructive sleep apnea multiple organs autophagy mechanism

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder causing intermittent hypoxia (IH) and systemic health issues.
  • OSA is linked to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and metabolic diseases, significantly impacting quality of life.
  • Autophagy is a vital cellular degradation process crucial for maintaining homeostasis and cellular renewal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of autophagy in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) pathophysiology.
  • To examine the impact of IH on autophagy activity in OSA.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting autophagy for OSA management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating autophagy in OSA and its associated organ damage.
  • Analysis of the effects of intermittent hypoxia on cellular autophagy.
  • Discussion of evidence linking autophagy dysregulation to OSA-related multi-organ dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Autophagy plays a critical role in the development and progression of OSA-related multi-organ damage.
  • Intermittent hypoxia in OSA significantly affects autophagy activity.
  • Dysregulation of autophagy contributes to systemic complications in OSA patients.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy is intricately involved in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • Targeting autophagy presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing OSA and its systemic consequences.
  • Further research into the autophagy-OSA interaction could lead to novel treatments and improved patient outcomes.