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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

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Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
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Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
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Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
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The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

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Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
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Voghera Sweet Pepper Regulates Cell Death Pathways in an Aging In Vitro Model.

Federica Gola1, Claudio Casali1, Ludovica Gaiaschi1

  • 1Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Nutrients
|July 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Voghera pepper extract shows anti-aging potential by modulating cell death pathways. This antioxidant-rich ingredient may reduce apoptosis and regulate autophagy and mitophagy in aging skin cells.

Keywords:
NHDFNutraceuticsVoghera sweet pepperagingantioxidantcell death pathways

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction contributes significantly to aging and related disorders.
  • Ascorbic acid, a potent antioxidant, possesses known anti-aging properties.
  • Voghera pepper (VP) is rich in ascorbic acid and has demonstrated preliminary anti-aging effects by regulating oxidative stress and cell senescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-aging effects of Voghera pepper (VP) extract on regulated cell death mechanisms.
  • To evaluate the impact of VP extract on autophagy, mitophagy, and apoptosis in young and old Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDFs).

Main Methods:

  • Immunofluorescence analysis to assess markers of autophagy (p62, LC3b), mitophagy (Pink1, Parkin), and apoptosis (caspase-3).
  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for ultrastructural analysis of NHDFs treated with VP extract.
  • In vitro aging model using young and old Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDFs).

Main Results:

  • VP extract modulated the expression of autophagy and mitophagy markers (p62, LC3b, Pink1, Parkin).
  • VP extract significantly reduced caspase-3 activity, indicating decreased apoptosis.
  • TEM analysis confirmed morphological changes consistent with VP extract's modulatory effects on cellular aging.

Conclusions:

  • Voghera pepper (VP) extract demonstrates the ability to modulate various regulated cell death (RCD) mechanisms.
  • VP extract exhibits potential anti-aging effects by influencing key cellular processes involved in aging.
  • These findings support the use of VP extract as a potential ingredient in anti-aging skincare formulations.