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Published on: September 15, 2023
The Role of ENHO in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Bioinformatics Approach
Osama M Younis1,2, Zeid K Al-Sharif2, Ahmad E Saeed2
1Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
Background:
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is an aggressive subtype of pancreatic cancer that is estimated to have a 5-year overall survival rate of only 13%. Most patients present with advanced disease with unpredictable outcomes. The identification of prognostic biomarkers is important to accurately stratify these patients.
Methods:
We investigated the molecular and survival-related role of ENHO in PAAD by analyzing TGCA mRNA and miRNA data. Survival analysis was conducted using TIMER2.0, "survival", and "survminer". Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted using enrichr, while miRNA-mRNA interactions were identified using "multiMiR". Immune infiltration was assessed using CIBERSORT ABS and ImmuCellAI.
Results:
We observed that ENHO was strikingly downregulated in PAAD tissues (p = 3.68 × 10-68), and patients with higher ENHO levels enjoyed significantly better overall survival (HR = 0.597; 95% CI: 0.419-0.852; p < 0.01). Pathway analysis showed that genes co-upregulated with ENHO were enriched for insulin secretion and ion channel activity, whereas those co-downregulated were related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix remodeling. Higher ENHO also tracked with increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration and correlated positively with PDCD1 and LAG3 but negatively with B7-H3, CD70, and NT5E.
Conclusions:
Our results point to a protective role for ENHO in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
