Comparison of Intensive Care Scoring Systems in Predicting Overall Mortality of Sepsis

Background: Prognostic scoring systems are applied in intensive care units (ICUs) to monitor patients' responses to treatment and guide treatment modalities. These scoring systems are also used as predictors in sepsis, where mortality rates are high. This study aims to compare the scores (APACHE II, SOFA, SAPS II, OASIS) in terms of their role in predicting overall mortality in patients admitted to ICUs with a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock. Methods: Among 740 patients admitted to the tertiary intensive care unit within a 2-year period, 165 patients diagnosed with sepsis and septic shock were included in the study. Demographic data, comorbidities, SOFA, SAPSII, OASIS, and APACHE II scores, invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation requirements and durations, ICU admissions, hospital stays, and 28-day mortalities were retrospectively evaluated. Results: All scoring systems were positively correlated with mortality and CCI score. SAPS II and OASIS showed a higher correlation with mortality compared to other scoring systems, correlated with ICU admission and mechanical ventilation, unlike other scoring systems. The AUC values for the APACHE II, SOFA, SAPS II, and OASIS were 0.803, 0.873, 0.902, and 0.879, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the scores (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Compared to commonly used scoring systems, OASIS is a practical tool and serves as a robust scoring system for assessing mortality in ICU patients diagnosed with sepsis.