Polysaccharide-Based Nanocarriers for Natural Antimicrobials: A Review.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Antimicrobial Research

Background:

• Growing concerns over environmental pollution, waste management, and antimicrobial resistance necessitate novel solutions.
• Natural sources like plants, animals, and microorganisms offer biopolymers and bioactive compounds for advanced applications.
• Nanotechnology enables the development of formulations with improved antimicrobial efficacy, safety, and reduced toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the use of polysaccharides in nanotechnology for developing antimicrobial formulations.
• To explore natural bioactive compounds as alternatives to conventional antibiotics.
• To discuss polysaccharide-based nanoformulations incorporating natural antimicrobials.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of polysaccharides (chitosan, alginate, starch, etc.) as nanocarriers.
• Analysis of natural compounds (phytochemicals, bacteriocins, peptides, proteins) for antimicrobial properties.
• Examination of various nanoformulation strategies (nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanogels) for natural antimicrobials.

Main Results:

• Polysaccharides demonstrate diverse advantages and limitations as nanocarriers for bioactive compounds.
• Natural compounds derived from various sources exhibit significant antimicrobial potential.
• Polysaccharide-based nanoformulations effectively protect and deliver natural antimicrobials, enhancing their activity.

Conclusions:

• Polysaccharide-based nanoformulations represent a promising strategy for combating antimicrobial resistance.
• Further research into encapsulation, entrapment, and conjugation techniques is crucial.
• Scaling up these advanced nanoformulations presents future challenges and opportunities.