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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

261
Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
261

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size
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Preliminary Study on the Development of a Biodegradable Functional Nasal Packing Material.

Dong Hoon Lee1, EunA So2, Faizan E Mustafa3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.

Polymers
|July 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new biodegradable nasal packing material combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carbon dots (CDs) shows promising antibacterial and biocompatible properties for sinus surgery patients.

Keywords:
antibacterialbiocompatibilitycarbon dotschitosanendoscopic sinus surgerynasal packingpolyvinyl alcohol

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) requires nasal packing for hemostasis and healing.
  • Current nasal packing materials present limitations, including patient discomfort and insufficient antimicrobial action.
  • There is a need for advanced nasal packing with enhanced biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel biodegradable nasal packing material using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carbon dots (CDs).
  • To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the developed material against common pathogens.
  • To assess the in vivo biocompatibility and tissue response of the PVA-CDs composite.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospun nanofiber membranes were fabricated from PVA and biomass-derived CDs.
  • Antibacterial efficacy was tested against *Escherichia coli*, *Salmonella* spp., and *Staphylococcus aureus* using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
  • In vivo biocompatibility was assessed through histological analysis of nasal tissue in mice.

Main Results:

  • All tested materials exhibited antibacterial properties.
  • The PVA-CS-CDs-2 mL variant demonstrated the most significant inhibition zones against bacteria.
  • Histological analysis indicated minimal tissue damage and inflammation, with the PVA-CS-CDs-2 mL showing the best tissue integration.

Conclusions:

  • The PVA-CS-CDs composite material shows significant potential as a biocompatible and antibacterial nasal packing.
  • This novel material could offer an improved alternative to current nasal packing options in sinus surgery.
  • Further clinical investigations are recommended to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of this composite for patient use.