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Improved Side-Channel Attack on CTR DRBG Using a Clustering Algorithm
1Department of Financial Information Security, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 12, 2025
Summary
This study enhances a side-channel attack on deterministic random bit generators (DRBG) used in IoT devices. By incorporating clustering, the improved attack boosts success rates and operates effectively in noisy environments, posing a greater security threat.
Area of Science:
- Cryptography and Information Security
- Embedded Systems Security
- Side-Channel Analysis
Background:
- Deterministic Random Bit Generators (DRBG) are vital for cryptographic security in IoT devices.
- Attacks on DRBGs can compromise sensitive information like keys, threatening entire systems.
- Meyer's 2020 side-channel attack (SCA) targeted the NIST standard AES CTR DRBG using power consumption analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance Meyer's SCA method against the AES CTR DRBG.
- To improve the success rate and information recovery of the attack.
- To enable attacks in environments with higher noise levels.
Main Methods:
- The proposed method integrates a clustering algorithm into Meyer's four-stage SCA.
- Clustering is applied in the first stage to increase success rate and information gain.
- The clustering results are used to improve accuracy in subsequent attack stages.
Main Results:
- The enhanced attack demonstrated a higher success rate in the first stage compared to Meyer's attack across all noise levels.
- Performance improvements of up to 50% were observed at high noise levels in the initial stage.
- Steps 3 and 4 of the attack showed an average performance improvement of 18.5% over the original method.
Conclusions:
- The proposed clustering-enhanced SCA significantly improves the effectiveness of attacks on AES CTR DRBGs.
- The enhanced attack is more resilient to noise, expanding the range of vulnerable devices and environments.
- This research highlights increased security risks for IoT devices employing CTR DRBGs against sophisticated side-channel attacks.
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