A Study on Optometrists' Knowledge, Awareness, and Management of Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Visual Disorders in...

Background: Traumatic brain injury frequently leads to visual dysfunction, affecting up to 75% of patients. These visual issues, if unrecognized, can significantly impair daily functioning. Optometrists are well-positioned to identify and manage such conditions, yet their level of preparedness is not well understood. Objective: This study aimed to assess optometrists' knowledge, awareness, and management practices regarding TBI-related visual disorders in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed online to 411 licensed optometrists in Saudi Arabia. The 16-item questionnaire assessed demographics, awareness, confidence, knowledge, and management practices related to TBI-associated visual disorders. Results: Only 26.3% of the respondents reported receiving formal education on TBI-related visual disorders. While most recognized common symptoms, such as blurred vision and light sensitivity, comprehensive knowledge of complex visual disorders was limited. A majority (82.5%) recommended referral to other healthcare providers; however, only 16.8% demonstrated high management competency, and 31.5% fell into the low-competency category. Referral patterns and clinical decision-making were significantly associated with experience and formal training. Conclusion: The findings reveal notable gaps in optometrists' knowledge and preparedness to manage TBI-related visual dysfunctions. Structured educational initiatives and standardized clinical protocols are essential to improve optometric care for individuals with TBI.