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Increased Walking Speed Reduces Hospitalization Rates in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease During Exercise-Based

Andrea Raisi1,2, Tommaso Piva1, Jonathan Myers2,3,4

  • 1Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Gramicia 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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A practical approach to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: from functional evaluation to adapted exercise prescription.

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Yoga and Mindfulness-Based Rehabilitation After Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review.

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Should we use fat-free mass or body mass and percentage body fat as separate predictors to predict maximum oxygen uptake?

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Body Composition Changes and Their Associations with Physical Activity and Screen Time in a Sample of Italian Early Adolescents over a 3-Year Period.

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Faster walking speed in cardiovascular disease patients predicts lower hospitalization rates. Exercise interventions can improve walking speed and reduce hospital admissions, crucial for long-term cardiac care.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Walking speed (WS) is a known predictor of morbidity and mortality.
  • Stable cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients often face hospitalization risks.
  • Understanding WS impact on hospitalization is vital for secondary prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between baseline walking speed and hospitalization in CVD patients.
  • To analyze how changes in walking speed affect all-cause hospitalization during exercise interventions.
  • To evaluate the predictive value of the 1 km treadmill walking test (1 km-TWT) for hospitalization.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 2871 stable CVD patients from the ITER registry, measuring WS via 1 km-TWT.
  • Hospitalization assessed at 1 and 3 years based on baseline WS tertiles.
Keywords:
cardiac rehabilitationcardiovascular diseaseexercisehospitalizationsecondary preventionwalking speed

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  • Subgroup analysis of 1465 patients tracking WS changes over 3 years and hospitalization at 4 and 6 years.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher baseline WS correlated with significantly lower hospitalization risk (42% for all-cause, 38% for CVD events at 1 year).
    • Improvements in WS over time showed a similar inverse association with hospitalization.
    • The 1 km-TWT proved effective in predicting hospitalization, with specific WS improvement groups showing comparable risk reductions.

    Conclusions:

    • The 1 km-TWT is a valuable tool for predicting hospitalization in cardiac outpatients.
    • Exercise interventions that improve WS are effective in secondary CVD prevention.
    • Promoting exercise is crucial for long-term management and reducing hospitalizations in CVD patients.