Barriers and Facilitators to Older Adults' Engagement in Social Prescribing: A Qualitative Study Using Focus Groups

Introduction: Social prescribing is an innovative approach that connects individuals to community-based activities to promote well-being. This study explores the barriers and facilitators influencing older adults' engagement in social prescribing programmes in Portugal. Methodology: A qualitative study was carried out in October 2024, in Portugal, with 16 participants aged 65 and over. Data was collected through two focus groups, each with eight participants. Data were analysed using the COM-B model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation) to identify key factors affecting adherence. Results: The main barriers identified were physical limitations, digital exclusion, transport inaccessibility, and the urban-centric location of services. Facilitators comprised tailored activities, digital support and education, accessible venues and transport, and personalised interventions. Ongoing feedback mechanisms and familiar community settings were essential for sustained participation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that co-designed, inclusive, and locally accessible programmes can significantly enhance the involvement and well-being of older adults.