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The Link Between Dietary Timing and Exercise Performance Through Adipocyte AMPKα2 Signaling
Sohyun Kim1,2, Jihyun Baek3, Man S Kim1,2
1Translational-Transdisciplinary Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 12, 2025
Summary
Timing your meals and exercise is crucial for metabolism and physical function. Optimizing these activities with your body's natural rhythms, like through day-restricted feeding, can improve metabolic health and performance.
Area of Science:
- Chronobiology
- Metabolic Health
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Circadian rhythms significantly influence daily metabolic and physical functions.
- Adipocyte AMPKα2 signaling plays a key role in regulating communication between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
- Mesenchymal stem cells are identified as crucial mediators in exercise-induced metabolic effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of meal and exercise timing on metabolism and physical function.
- To highlight the role of adipocyte AMPKα2 signaling in circadian fat-muscle crosstalk.
- To explore temporal interventions for metabolic diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of seminal and experimental studies.
- Analysis of multi-omics data to understand molecular mechanisms.
- Investigation of circadian control of metabolic processes.
Main Results:
- Day-restricted feeding improves exercise performance by activating AMPKα2 in adipocytes.
- Afternoon exercise demonstrates enhanced metabolic benefits in humans.
- Misaligned eating times contribute to leptin resistance and metabolic dysregulation.
- Circadian rhythms govern metabolic processes across various tissues.
Conclusions:
- Synchronizing dietary intake and exercise with circadian rhythms can optimize fat-muscle crosstalk, physical performance, and metabolic health.
- Temporal interventions like time-restricted feeding and timed exercise show promise for treating metabolic diseases.
- Targeting AMPK chronopharmacologically offers a potential therapeutic strategy.
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