T-Cadherin (CDH13) and Non-Coding RNAs: The Crosstalk Between Health and Disease

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Biochemistry

Background:

• T-cadherin (CDH13) is an atypical cadherin involved in various biological processes, including neural development, vascularization, and metabolic signaling.
• CDH13 acts as a receptor for adiponectin and lipoproteins, influencing cardiovascular and metabolic health.
• Recent findings highlight CDH13's role in mesenchymal stem cell lineage commitment, particularly adipogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and integrate the current understanding of how non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate T-cadherin (CDH13) expression and function.
• To map the intricate crosstalk between ncRNAs and CDH13 in various physiological and pathological contexts.
• To explore the potential of ncRNA-CDH13 interactions as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

• Literature review integrating experimental data and in silico predictions.
• Analysis of ncRNA interactions with CDH13 3'-UTR and epigenetic regulators.
• Examination of lncRNA and circRNA mechanisms involving miRNA sponging and epigenetic modification recruitment.

Main Results:

• Multiple ncRNAs, including miRNAs (miR-199b-5p, miR-377-3p, etc.), lncRNAs (CDH13-AS1/AS2, FEDORA, etc.), and circRNAs (circCDH13, circ_0000119), directly or indirectly regulate CDH13.
• These ncRNAs modulate CDH13 by affecting its transcription, mRNA decay, or epigenetic status.
• The ncRNA-CDH13 regulatory network is implicated in cardiovascular, metabolic, oncogenic, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusions:

• Non-coding RNAs form a complex regulatory network controlling T-cadherin function across diverse conditions.
• Understanding this ncRNA-CDH13 crosstalk is crucial for deciphering disease mechanisms.
• Targeting this network offers promising avenues for novel biomarker discovery and RNA-based therapeutic strategies.