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Comprehensive Analysis of Lung Cancer Metastasis: Sites, Rates, Survival, and Risk Factors-A Systematic Review and
Shilin Wang1, Wen Tang2, Fu Jin1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
The Clinical Respiratory Journal
|July 12, 2025
Summary
Lung cancer metastasis varies by type, with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) often spreading to the brain and bone, while small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) favors the liver. Metastatic sites significantly impact survival outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cancer Metastasis Research
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Lung cancer metastasis is a key determinant of patient prognosis.
- Understanding metastatic patterns, risk factors, and survival is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate the sites, rates, risk factors, and survival implications of lung cancer metastasis.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of metastasis in both non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).
Main Methods:
- A systematic meta-analysis of 115 clinical trials was conducted.
- Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.
- Hazard ratios and confidence intervals were calculated using random-effects or fixed-effects models.
Main Results:
- Prevalent metastatic sites differ between NSCLC (brain 29%, bone 25%) and SCLC (liver 33%, brain 30%).
- Risk factors for brain metastases include EGFR mutations in NSCLC and age in SCLC.
- Median overall survival (OS) after brain metastasis was 21.3 months (NSCLC) and 10.5 months (SCLC); liver/bone metastases correlated with poorer survival.
Conclusions:
- This meta-analysis elucidates lung cancer metastatic patterns, risk factors, and survival.
- Findings offer valuable insights to aid clinical decision-making in managing lung cancer metastasis.
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