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Related Experiment Videos

On physiological edema in man's lower extremity.

C Stick, P Stöfen, E Witzleb

    European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    The calf muscle pump does not consistently prevent leg swelling. Muscle contractions can sometimes worsen fluid buildup, suggesting other mechanisms prevent edema.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Edema Research

    Background:

    • Interstitial edema in lower extremities is a common concern.
    • The musculovenous pump is hypothesized to counteract fluid accumulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if the musculovenous pump prevents interstitial edema in the upright position.
    • To understand fluid shifts in the calf during exercise and daily standing.

    Main Methods:

    • Impedance plethysmography used to measure calf volume changes in 23 subjects during 20 minutes of rhythmic muscular exercise.
    • Calf volume changes also measured during quiet relaxed standing and throughout the day in 20 subjects.

    Main Results:

    • The musculovenous pump's edema-protective effect was inconsistent, observed in only half the subjects.
    • Muscular exercise sometimes increased calf volume more than quiet standing.
    • Calf volume increased throughout the day due to extravascular fluid, but daily accumulation was low.

    Conclusions:

    • The calf muscle pump is not universally effective against edema.
    • Muscle contractions can stimulate fluid extravasation, counteracting a protective effect.
    • Edema prevention mechanisms, like the muscle-lymphatic pump, may require a certain fluid volume to become maximally effective.

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