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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
35

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
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Pulsed Thulium:YAG Laser for Lithotripsy.

Cristian Axel Hernandez-Gaytan1, Silvia Proietti1, Federico De Leonardis1

  • 1IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.

European Urology Focus
|July 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The pulsed thulium:YAG (p-Tm:YAG) laser shows promise for treating urinary stones, offering effective stone dust creation and minimal retropulsion. Clinical outcomes suggest high stone-free rates and low complications, warranting further investigation.

Keywords:
EndourologyFlexible ureteroscopyLaserLithotripsyMini-percutaneous nephrolithotomyPulsed thulium:YAG laserRenal stoneUreteral Stone

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Laser Technology
  • Nephrolithiasis Treatment

Background:

  • Pulsed thulium:YAG (p-Tm:YAG) laser is an emerging technology for lithotripsy.
  • It offers a unique position between Ho:YAG laser and thulium fiber laser.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the physical properties, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes of p-Tm:YAG laser.
  • To assess its potential role in urinary stone treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on p-Tm:YAG laser properties and studies.
  • Analysis of in vitro ablation characteristics and clinical data from flexible ureteroscopy and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Main Results:

  • p-Tm:YAG laser exhibits high peak power, efficient energy use, and stable pulse profiles.
  • In vitro studies show effective ablation, minimal stone retropulsion, and fine stone dust generation.
  • Clinical applications demonstrate high stone-free rates and low complication rates, with comparable or superior performance to other lasers.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary evidence suggests p-Tm:YAG laser is a promising tool for urinary stone treatment.
  • Further robust clinical data are required to confirm its versatility and establish its routine use.