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Updated: Sep 15, 2025
10:09
Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets
Published on: May 11, 2015
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Residual insulin secretion in long-standing type 1 diabetes
Petra Augstein1, Natalie Buschmann2, Janik Riese3,4
1Department for Diabetes and Metabolism, Heart and Diabetes Center Karlsburg, Karlsburg, Germany.
Summary
Many people with long-standing type 1 diabetes retain residual beta-cell function, indicated by measurable C-peptide levels. This residual function in type 1 diabetes is linked to lower BMI and improved insulin sensitivity, not antibody presence.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Immunology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Sensitive C-peptide assays reveal residual C-peptide in many individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes.
- Understanding the extent and characteristics of this residual beta-cell function is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate meal-stimulated C-peptide levels in type 1 diabetes patients with over 30 years of disease duration.
- To determine if residual beta-cell function is associated with diabetes-associated autoantibodies.
Main Methods:
- Observational study of 105 participants with type 1 diabetes (duration ≥30 years).
- Mixed-meal tolerance tests (MMTTs) measured C-peptide at 0 and 90 minutes.
- Radio-binding assays assessed autoantibodies against GAD, IA-2, and ZnT8.
Main Results:
- Participants were categorized into non-responders, low-responders, and high-responders based on C-peptide levels.
- Low-responders exhibited significantly lower BMI, triglyceride levels, and triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratios.
- The presence of autoantibodies did not correlate with post-meal C-peptide levels.
Conclusions:
- A subset of individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes (>30 years) demonstrates residual beta-cell function.
- Type 1 diabetes patients with low stimulated C-peptide levels are characterized by lower BMI, reduced triglycerides, and enhanced insulin sensitivity.
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