Mitochondrial homeostasis: Exploring their impact on skin disease pathogenesis
Hajar Ahmad Jamil1, Norwahidah Abdul Karim1
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Summary
Mitochondria are crucial for skin health, supporting cell functions and barrier integrity. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to skin diseases, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Cell Biology
- Mitochondrial Biology
Background:
- Mitochondria regulate essential cellular processes in skin cells like keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes.
- Understanding mitochondrial roles is key to addressing skin disease pathophysiology and developing treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current knowledge on mitochondria's role in skin cells.
- To explore the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on skin disease progression.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing current research on mitochondrial function and dysfunction in skin.
- Analysis of mitochondria's specific roles in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes.
Main Results:
- Mitochondria are vital for keratinocyte differentiation, fibroblast collagen synthesis, and melanocyte melanin production.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction, involving ROS generation and mtDNA alterations, is linked to psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and vitiligo.
Conclusions:
- Mitochondria are integral to skin energy production, oxidative stress regulation, biosynthesis, and protection.
- Targeting mitochondrial health offers a promising therapeutic avenue for various skin diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:45Mitochondrial Membranes
12.4K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
12.4K
01:37Mitochondria
15.1K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
15.1K
01:46Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
15.0K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
15.0K
01:23Skin Diseases and Disorders
4.2K
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
4.2K
01:28The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
3.7K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
3.7K
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
2.5K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
2.5K