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Decoding chicken growth regulation through multi-omics insights and emerging genetic tools for growth optimization
Ali Hassan Nawaz1, Jiqiang Ding1, Munwar Ali2
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Poultry Science
|July 13, 2025
Summary
Understanding chicken growth genetics is key for efficient poultry production. Advanced omics and gene editing offer new precision breeding strategies for sustainable farming and global food security.
Area of Science:
- Animal Genetics
- Genomics
- Poultry Science
Background:
- Chicken body weight and growth are complex traits influenced by intricate genetic factors.
- Previous quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified genetic variations but had limited application in poultry production.
- A comprehensive understanding of genetic regulation is essential for improving sustainable and efficient poultry farming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize current knowledge on the genetic regulation of chicken growth.
- To highlight advanced omics technologies and genome editing for precision breeding.
- To discuss the potential of resources like the Chicken Genotype-Tissue Expression (ChickenGTEx) project.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on chicken growth genetics.
- Emphasis on omics studies including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
- Discussion of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.
Main Results:
- Omics studies, particularly scRNA-seq, offer insights into cellular heterogeneity in growth-related tissues.
- Genome sequencing and editing technologies enable precision breeding for economically important traits.
- Data resources like ChickenGTEx can reveal tissue-specific gene expression and regulatory networks.
Conclusions:
- Integrated strategies are needed to understand complex growth phenotypes.
- Advancements in omics and genome editing accelerate precision breeding in chickens.
- Elucidating regulatory networks will enhance sustainable poultry production and global food security.
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