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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
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Recovery of rare earth elements from sediments affected by mining activities.

De-Xiang Xu1, Xuan-Pu Cheng1, Cui-Ling Huang1

  • 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.

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|July 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Mining-impacted sediments are a viable secondary source for rare earth elements (REEs). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) salts offer a cost-effective method for REE recovery from these sediments.

Keywords:
EDTALife cycle assessmentRare earth elementSecondary resourcesSediment

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Mining activities often lead to sediments with elevated rare earth element (REE) concentrations.
  • The potential for recovering REEs from these impacted sediments requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of recovering REEs from mining-impacted sediments.
  • To evaluate the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of different REE extraction methods.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of REE-rich sediments from mining areas.
  • Case study on reservoir sediments from ion-adsorption REE mining in southern China.
  • Extraction of REEs using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA-Na₂) and subsequent purification.

Main Results:

  • Sediments contained total REEs from 0.13% to 0.32%, primarily associated with Fe-Mn oxides.
  • EDTA-Na₂ demonstrated efficient REE extraction via ligand complexation.
  • Purification yielded REE oxides with >95% purity and an 89% recovery rate.
  • EDTA-Na₂ extraction showed lower environmental impacts and economic costs compared to other methods.

Conclusions:

  • Mining-impacted sediments represent a significant secondary resource for REEs.
  • EDTA salts provide a promising, cost-effective, and environmentally sound option for REE recovery.