Enhancing Skin Rejuvenation: Using of Engineered Exosome Content Treated With Oleuropein and Fe₃O₄@CQD/Oleuropein

Skin aging, which is affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leads to reduced elastin, collagen, and hydration levels.

This study aimed to utilize modified exosomal content with treated Oleuropein and Fe₃O₄@C/Oleuropein to modulate gene and microRNA expression on the HFFF2 cells in vitro in order to reduce skin aging.

Fe₃O₄@C/Oleuropein was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and confirmed by XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The MTT assay was conducted to test toxicity Following this, hUC-MSCs and HFFF2 cells were treated with Fe3O4@C/Oleuropein and Oleuropein. Exosomes derived from the treatments were extracted by ultracentrifugation and evaluated by DLS and western blotting. HFFF2 cells were treated with exosomes derived from the treatments. The expression of the studied genes and related microRNAs was measured using qRT-PCR. Also, the effect of exosomes derived from the treatments on HFFF2 cells was evaluated using flow cytometry.

The results showed that the expression of IGF1, IGF1R, COL1A1, ELN, and EGF genes was significantly increased with Oleuropein (500 μg/mL) and Fe₃O₄@C/Oleuropein (250 μg/mL) treatments, especially when treated with exosomes derived from treatments. Moreover, the expression of hsa-miR-29b-3p, hsa-let-7d-5p, and hsa-let-7e-5p microRNAs was significantly downregulated, and hsa-miR-34a-5p was upregulated in the HFFF2 cells, which was consistent with the exosome cargo derived from treated cells.

Exosomes can increase gene expression and reduce microRNAs associated with skin antiaging. Using modified exosomal content treated with Oleuropein and Fe₃O₄@CQD/Oleuropein is generally effective for preventing skin aging and also presents innovative methods for skin care.