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Published on: June 13, 2020
Anticancer Effects of Escherichia Coli-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles against Colorectal Cancer Cells through
Marjan Ghiyasvand1, Ardeshir Hesampour1, Hossein Dabiri2
1Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Colorectal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Microbiota and their metabolites, including toxins, have been shown to possess anti-tumor properties. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Escherichia coli may trigger inflammation in intestinal cells. We aimed to explore the anti-cancer effects of E. coli-derived OMVs on colorectal cancer cells by promoting apoptosis and pyroptosis, particularly through the over-expression of GSDMD in the CT-26 cell line.
Methods:
In 2022, five non-replicating probiotic strains of E. coli were obtained from the Histogenotech Company in Tehran, and their OMVs were isolated and characterized. The CT-26 cell line was used to assess cell toxicity and the apoptotic effects of E. coli-derived OMVs. Real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to measure the expression of apoptosis and pyroptosis markers (GSDMD, NLRP3, and ROCK).
Results:
The E. coli strains produced nanovesicles (5-200 nm in diameter). OMVs significantly reduced the viability of CT-26 cells and induced apoptosis at a concentration of 10 µg. The expression of GSDMD and NLRP3 was increased, while ROCK expression was downregulated in treated colorectal cells.
Conclusion:
E. coli-derived OMVs can trigger inflammatory processes and induce negative effects on colorectal cancer cells. Further research is needed to evaluate their potential for colorectal cancer treatment.
Insights
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Escherichia coli showed anti-cancer effects on colorectal cancer cells. These OMVs reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis, suggesting potential for future cancer therapies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Cancer Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a significant global health challenge with limited therapeutic strategies.
- Microbiota and their metabolites, including toxins, exhibit potential anti-tumor activities.
- Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Escherichia coli may influence intestinal cell inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-cancer properties of Escherichia coli-derived OMVs against colorectal cancer cells.
- To determine if OMVs promote apoptosis and pyroptosis, specifically via GSDMD overexpression in the CT-26 cell line.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and characterization of OMVs from five non-replicating probiotic Escherichia coli strains.
- Assessment of OMV cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects on the CT-26 colorectal cancer cell line.
- Quantitative analysis of apoptosis and pyroptosis markers (GSDMD, NLRP3, ROCK) using real-time PCR and western blotting.
Main Results:
- Escherichia coli strains produced nanovesicles (5-200 nm).
- OMVs significantly reduced CT-26 cell viability and induced apoptosis at 10 µg concentration.
- Increased expression of GSDMD and NLRP3, with decreased ROCK expression observed in treated cells.
Conclusions:
- Escherichia coli-derived OMVs demonstrate the capacity to induce inflammatory responses and exert detrimental effects on colorectal cancer cells.
- Further investigation is warranted to explore the therapeutic potential of these OMVs in colorectal cancer treatment.
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