Comparative Analysis of Regenerative Endodontic Procedures with Different Scaffold Materials

For immature necrotic teeth, regenerative endodontic treatments (REPs) have shown promise as an alternative to traditional root canal therapy. To create an environment that is favorable for cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue regeneration, scaffold materials are essential.

Depending on the scaffold material utilized during REPs, 45 patients with immature necrotic teeth were randomly randomized to three groups (15 each group). Collagen scaffolds, PRF, or HA were inserted into the root canals after the usual disinfection procedures. At three, six, and 12 months, the treated teeth underwent clinical and radiographic evaluations. Apical closure, dentin thickness (measured in millimeters using digital radiography), and root lengthening were among the parameters evaluated.

All groups showed significant improvements in clinical and radiological results during the 12-month follow-up. In terms of dentin thickness (0.9 ± 0.2 mm) and mean root length growth (3.2 ± 0.5 mm), the PRF group outperformed the HA group (2.8 ± 0.4 mm and 0.7 ± 0.2 mm, respectively). With dentin thickness of 0.5 ± 0.2 mm and root lengthening of 2.4 ± 0.3 mm, the collagen group showed the least improvement. In the PRF group, apical closure was seen in 87% of instances, whereas in the HA and collagen groups, it was 73% and 67%, respectively.

In REPs, PRF showed better regeneration capacity than HA and collagen scaffolds, as seen by increased apical closure, dentin thickness, and root lengthening. These results imply that PRF could be the preferred scaffold material for regenerative endodontics to maximize results.