Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Mesh: An Innovative Strategy for Guided Tissue Regeneration in Periodontal Therapy

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a widely used approach in periodontal therapy to promote the regeneration of lost periodontal structures. Titanium mesh, due to its biocompatibility and mechanical stability, has been investigated for its role in periodontal regeneration. Coating titanium mesh with hydroxyapatite (HA) may enhance its osteoconductive properties, facilitating improved bone and soft tissue regeneration.

A total of 40 patients with periodontal intrabony defects were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: Group A (titanium mesh coated with hydroxyapatite) and Group B (uncoated titanium mesh). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bone fill percentage, were recorded at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests and ANOVA to determine the significance of differences between the groups.

At the 6-month follow-up, Group A exhibited a significant reduction in probing depth (from 7.2 ± 1.1 mm to 3.4 ± 0.8 mm, P < 0.001) and a gain in CAL (from 5.8 ± 1.0 mm to 2.1 ± 0.7 mm, P < 0.001). Bone fill percentage in Group A was 72.3% ± 5.4%, significantly higher than Group B (54.6% ± 6.1%, P < 0.05). No significant complications were observed in either group.

The hydroxyapatite-coated titanium mesh demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of bone regeneration and soft tissue healing compared to uncoated titanium mesh. The enhanced osteoconductivity of hydroxyapatite may contribute to improved clinical and radiographic results in GTR procedures.