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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
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Natural killer (NK) cells in bipolar disorders.

Ryad Tamouza1,2, Marion Leboyer1,2, Vincent Vieillard3

  • 1Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision en Psychiatrie (FHU ADAPT, DMU IMPACT), Fondation FondaMental, F-94010, Créteil, France.

Neuroscience Applied
|July 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Bipolar disorder (BD) involves immune system issues, particularly with natural killer (NK) cells. These NK cell abnormalities may drive inflammation, neuro-immune damage, and cognitive problems in BD patients.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderInfectionsInflammationNatural killer cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation.
  • Natural killer (NK) cells, crucial for innate immunity, are implicated in BD pathophysiology due to increased infection susceptibility and autoimmune processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on NK cell characteristics in BD.
  • To explore the role of environmental risk factors and immune cell crosstalk in BD-associated NK cell abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of phenotypic and functional NK cell characteristics in BD patients.
  • Analysis of NK cell subsets, including "adaptive NK cells", in the context of viral infections.

Main Results:

  • Patients with BD exhibit persistent NK cell activation.
  • An expansion of "adaptive NK cells", typically seen in viral infections, is observed in BD.
  • NK cell deregulation in BD may stem from unresolved infections or genetic factors.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated NK cells in BD contribute to impaired immunity, chronic inflammation, and neuro-immune damage.
  • These abnormalities may underlie cognitive decline and treatment resistance in BD.
  • Further research into NK cells is crucial for understanding BD pathophysiology.