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Case Management for People with Acquired Brain Injury with Complex Problems (Part 1): Outcomes of a One-group Trial.

Annemarie P M Stiekema^1,2, Bjorn Winkens³, Desiree Bierlaagh⁴

¹Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

International Journal of Integrated Care

|July 14, 2025

Summary

Case Management (CM) shows promise for improving psychosocial well-being and reducing unmet needs for people with acquired brain injury (PwABI) and their caregivers. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Keywords:

acquired brain injury caregivers integrated care long-term outcomes psychosocial

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Medicine
Psychology

Background:

People with acquired brain injury (PwABI) often experience long-term psychosocial challenges and unmet needs.
Existing healthcare services lack integration and structure to support individuals post-brain injury.
Case Management (CM) is a potential intervention to address these complex needs.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of Case Management (CM) for people with acquired brain injury (PwABI).
To assess the impact of CM on psychosocial well-being, self-efficacy, participation, life satisfaction, and unmet needs for PwABI and their caregivers.

Main Methods:

A one-group repeated measures study was conducted with 62 PwABI and 36 caregivers in the Netherlands.
Assessments occurred every six months over an 18-24 month period.
Primary outcome: psychosocial well-being (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale); Secondary outcomes: self-efficacy, participation, life satisfaction, needs, and caregiver burden.

Main Results:

Significant reduction in anxiety for both PwABI and caregivers.
PwABI reported fewer unmet needs but increased participation restrictions over time.
Caregivers experienced reduced burden and increased self-efficacy.

Conclusions:

Case Management (CM) appears beneficial for reducing unmet needs and improving psychosocial outcomes in PwABI and caregivers.
Lifelong CM might be required for sustained benefits.
A randomized controlled trial is necessary to definitively establish CM's effectiveness.