Reversible Luminescence in Te⁴⁺-Doped Cs₂InCl₅(H₂O) by Solvent-Induced Switchable Phase Transformations for Dynamic...

Lead-free halide perovskites demonstrate potential in fluorescent anti-counterfeiting and information encryption due to their dynamic responsiveness to external stimuli and exceptional luminescent properties. However, current materials face problems such as complex synthesis schemes, irreversible solvent responses, and high optical visibility of inks. This work adopts a hydrochloric acid-assisted synthesis strategy, achieving batch preparation of Te⁴⁺-doped Cs₂InCl₅(H₂O) perovskites at room temperature within only 5 min, with a high yield of ≈95%. Notably, solvent-induced reversible structural phase transitions between Cs₂InCl₅(H₂O) and Cs₃InCl₆ enable dynamic fluorescence switching between orange emission and a colorless state. Systematic investigations reveal that the removal/recovery of crystallization water during phase evolution, which disrupts/reconstructs the Te⁴⁺ coordination field, serves as the key governing fluorescence "ON-OFF" switching. Building upon this foundation, a colorless and transparent Cs₂InCl₅(H₂O): Te⁴⁺@PVA ink has been developed, enabling reversible writing/erasing of encrypted information patterns. These patterns retain excellent readability even after 10 reversible cycles. Furthermore, two additional ink formulations are prepared through solvent ratio modulation and two-component polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) encapsulation. A multi-level anti-counterfeiting strategy is designed by synergistically combining multiple inks. The printed patterns and encrypted information exhibit enhanced resistance to forgery and reverse-engineering attempts, achieving better protection levels for confidential data.