Theranostic Applications of Microrobots: Integrating Diagnostics and Precision Drug Delivery

A game-changing strategy in precision medicine is theranostics, which is the combination of diagnostics and treatments on one platform. Microrobots have drawn a lot of interest as promising agents in theranostic applications because of their small size, agility, and multifunctionality. This analysis highlights the potential of microrobots to transform illness management by examining how they can integrate precise medicine delivery and diagnostic capabilities. Advanced features like imaging for focused diagnostics, payload delivery for precision therapies, and biosensing for real-time disease monitoring can be built into microrobots. These microrobots can navigate intricate biological environments and provide localized intervention at the cellular and subcellular levels. They are propelled by external pressures such as magnetic fields or biological mechanisms. Recent advancements in microrobots, including biocompatible polymers and stimuli-responsive systems, offer potential for early disease identification and targeted drug release in neurological, cardiovascular, and malignant diseases. Along with solutions, issues like scalability, regulatory approval, and biocompatibility are also covered. With an emphasis on their role in influencing the development of integrated healthcare solutions, this paper offers a thorough summary of technological developments and potential applications of microrobots in theranostics. The study authors examined databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles published within the last 10 years on theranostic microrobots, diagnostic tools, drug delivery systems, and precision medicine. It comprised empirical research on microrobot design, functioning, therapeutic applications, diagnostic capabilities, treatment results, and safety profiles. This methodical methodology found patterns, gaps, and advances in the discipline.