Temporal and Geographical Disparities in Amyloid and Heart Failure-Related Mortality: An Epidemiological Study...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Medical Informatics

Background:

• Amyloidosis is a serious condition that can lead to heart failure (HF), significantly increasing mortality risk.
• Identifying trends in mortality for patients with both amyloidosis and HF is crucial for understanding the disease's impact over time.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze mortality trends associated with comorbid amyloidosis and heart failure over a 22-year period (1999-2020).
• To identify demographic disparities in mortality rates among patients with amyloidosis and HF.

Main Methods:

• Utilized CDC death certificate data from 1999 to 2020 to query mortality causes.
• Calculated age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) and used Monte-Carlo permutation tests to determine annual percentage change (APC).
• Employed log-linear regression to assess temporal variations in mortality and identify inflection points.

Main Results:

• Age-adjusted mortality rates for amyloidosis and HF increased from 0.09 in 1999 to 0.27 in 2020.
• A significant acceleration in mortality occurred from 2013 to 2020 (APC +13.3), following a slower increase from 1999-2013 (APC +1.4).
• Mortality rates were higher in males and Black populations, with significant inflection points observed in 2013 for all demographic groups analyzed.

Conclusions:

• A marked rise in HF-related mortality in patients with amyloidosis since 2013 suggests improved diagnostics and treatments.
• Significant disparities in mortality exist across sexes, races, and ethnicities, necessitating targeted public health interventions.
• The study underscores the urgent need to address these disparities to mitigate rising mortality rates.