Interleukin 6 Promoter Region Polymorphism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Study in One Egyptian Centre

Evidence indicates a connection between diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and a chronic inflammatory reaction controlled by cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6). This study examines the genetic variation in the IL-6 promoter region (rs1800796) among patients with DM2 compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, the study intends to quantify the levels of IL-6 in both groups. We evaluated the IL-6 levels in the blood samples from both groups and used restriction fragment length polymorphism to assess the presence of polymorphism in the IL-6 promoter region rs1800796. The study included 100 patients with DM2 and 100 healthy control subjects. The prevalence of the GC genotype was significantly higher in patients (72%) compared to controls (51%), with a p value of 0.001. Additionally, there was a substantial rise in the CC genotype among patients (10%) compared to controls (4%). IL-6 levels were considerably elevated in individuals with the CC genotype compared to those with the GG genotype (p1 = 0.001). Additionally, IL-6 levels were significantly higher than those with the GC genotype (75.1) than those with the GG genotype (p2 = 0.001). This study highlights the increased levels of IL-6 in DM2, indicating a persistent inflammatory response that may contribute to developing DM2. There is an apparent increase in the GC and CC genotypes in the promoter rs1800796 among people with diabetes. This suggests these genotypes may be genetic risk factors for DM2 in Egyptians. Furthermore, we linked these genetic variations to increased levels of IL-6.