Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...

Insomnia

Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...

Depression: Overview

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Chronotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depression.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

Same author

The Role of Digital Biomarkers in Physiological Signal-Based Depression Assessment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of medical Internet research·2026

Same author

Comparative Effects of Abdominal Bracing and Valsalva Maneuver on Cerebral and Peripheral Hemodynamics in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025

Same author

Effectiveness of Information and Communication Technology-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Using the Smart Sleep App on Insomnia in Older Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of medical Internet research·2025

Same author

Impact of doctor-shopping behavior on patient survival in lung cancer: findings from a 11-year cohort study using Korean claims data.

BMC cancer·2025

Same author

Non-Contrast Computed Tomography-Based Triage and Notification for Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: A Before and After Study Utilizing Artificial Intelligence on Treatment Times and Outcomes.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Published on: April 26, 2024

Difference of Resting State Functional Connectivity between Depressive Patients with and without Clinically

Ju-Yeon Jung¹, Seo-Eun Cho², Jong Youn Moon³

¹Institute for Human Health and Science Convergence, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.

Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience : the Official Scientific Journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology

|July 15, 2025

Summary

Major depressive disorder (MDD) with insomnia shows distinct brain connectivity patterns. The habenula and septal nuclei are implicated in modulating mood and sleep in these patients.

Keywords:

Depressive disorder Functional connectivity Habenula Septal nuclei Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders major

More Related Videos

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Published on: July 7, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Published on: April 26, 2024

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Published on: July 7, 2023

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Medical Imaging

Background:

Insomnia is a frequent symptom in major depressive disorder (MDD).
Neural underpinnings differentiating MDD with and without insomnia are not well understood.
Understanding these distinctions is crucial for targeted therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate neurobiological differences in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in MDD patients with and without insomnia.
To identify specific brain regions, namely the habenula and septal nuclei, associated with insomnia in MDD.
To correlate observed connectivity patterns with symptom severity.

Main Methods:

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on 36 MDD patients with insomnia (MDD_w/INS), 21 MDD patients without insomnia (MDD_wo/INS), and 38 healthy controls.
Seed-to-voxel RSFC analyses were conducted using the habenula and septal nuclei as seeds.
Statistical analyses controlled for age, sex, education, and depression severity (HDRS-17).

Main Results:

MDD_w/INS patients exhibited higher depressive symptom severity and shorter illness duration compared to MDD_wo/INS.
Increased RSFC was observed between the left habenula and the right Rolandic operculum/cuneus, and between the right habenula and thalamic pulvinar in MDD_w/INS.
Decreased RSFC was found between the septal nuclei and the right cerebellar Crus I in MDD_w/INS.
All identified RSFC alterations significantly correlated with insomnia severity.

Conclusions:

Distinct RSFC patterns are associated with insomnia in MDD patients.
The habenula and septal nuclei play a significant role in the neurobiology of MDD with insomnia.
These findings highlight potential targets for modulating mood and sleep in MDD.