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Positive social modeling attenuates nocebo side effects.

Cosette Saunders1, Winston Tan1, David Ng1

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|July 15, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Observing positive treatment experiences, known as positive social modeling, can significantly reduce nocebo side effects. This intervention helps mitigate negative health outcomes from negative instructions and adverse experiences.

Keywords:
instructionnocebo effectplaceboside effectssocial learningsocial modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Medical Research
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Negative instructions and observing adverse experiences can worsen health outcomes through the nocebo effect.
  • The potential of observing positive experiences to counteract these effects remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if positive social modeling can reduce nocebo side effects.
  • Investigating the impact of observing positive treatment experiences on induced side effects.

Main Methods:

  • 160 participants received a placebo and were exposed to side effect warnings.
  • Groups were randomized to view positive social modeling or not, and to encounter live models exhibiting side effects or not.
  • Symptom severity was assessed as the primary outcome measure.

Main Results:

  • A significant nocebo effect was confirmed, with higher symptom severity in placebo groups versus a natural history group.
  • Positive social modeling demonstrably reduced symptom severity.
  • No significant differences were observed between instruction alone and instruction with side effect modeling.

Conclusions:

  • Positive social modeling effectively reduces nocebo side effects, regardless of whether they are induced by instruction alone or by observing negative side effects.
  • This intervention shows promise for mitigating the burden of nocebo effects in clinical practice.