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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Temperature-induced structural evolution in liquid Bi86.8Au13.2 alloy.

X L Wang1, X D Wang1, Q P Cao1

  • 1International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|July 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A reversible liquid-to-liquid crossover was observed in a bismuth-gold (Bi-Au) alloy. This transition is linked to changes in atomic arrangements and structural heredity, impacting the alloy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding the structural evolution of liquid alloys is crucial for materials design.
  • Bismuth-gold (Bi-Au) alloys exhibit complex phase behavior.
  • Liquid-to-liquid transitions offer insights into atomic ordering in disordered systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temperature-induced structural changes in a liquid Bi86.8Au13.2 alloy.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind the observed liquid-to-liquid crossover (LLC).
  • To explore the relationship between LLC and local atomic packing.

Main Methods:

  • In situ high-energy x-ray diffraction (XRD).
  • Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations.
  • Analysis of pair distribution function (g(r)).

Main Results:

  • A reversible liquid-to-liquid crossover (LLC) was identified in liquid Bi86.8Au13.2 alloy between 700-800 K.
  • The LLC is attributed to decreased Au-Au coordination and increased Bi-X coordination (X=Bi, Au) at short ranges.
  • An extra subpeak in g(r) suggests a link to low-temperature liquid structures resembling solid Au2Bi and Bi phases.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a novel LLC in a Bi-Au liquid alloy.
  • Structural heredity plays a role in the liquid-to-liquid transition.
  • The findings provide a deeper understanding of atomic-level rearrangements in liquid alloys.