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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

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To Operate or Not to Operate? A Script Concordance Study of Resident Preoperative Decision-Making.

Stefanie J Soelling1, Jamie Hillas1, Thomas Clancy2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Ariadne Labs, Boston, Massachusetts.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|July 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Script concordance testing (SCT) effectively assesses surgical trainee decision-making. Senior residents performed better and felt more confident than juniors, highlighting educational needs in preoperative assessment.

Keywords:
EPAEntrustable professional activitiesPreoperative decision-makingResidentScript concordance testing

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Clinical Reasoning Assessment

Background:

  • Preoperative decision-making is critical in surgery but challenging to teach effectively.
  • Script concordance testing (SCT) offers a method to evaluate clinical reasoning in uncertain situations.
  • This study aimed to assess surgical trainee preoperative decision-making and confidence using SCT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate general surgery residents' preoperative decision-making skills using SCT.
  • To assess resident confidence levels in their management decisions.
  • To compare performance and confidence between junior and senior residents.

Main Methods:

  • Five common surgical scenarios (appendicitis, gallbladder pathology, inguinal hernia, small bowel obstruction, necrotizing pancreatitis) were developed.
  • Script concordance testing (SCT) was administered, including management questions and self-reported certainty.
  • Faculty surgeon responses formed the grading rubric; data analyzed for overall scores, topic performance, resident levels, and certainty concordance.

Main Results:

  • Sixty residents participated, achieving an overall mean score of 66.3%.
  • Senior residents scored higher (68.7% vs. 63.9%) and reported greater confidence (63.3% vs. 30.0%) than junior residents.
  • Concordant certainty was highest for appendicitis, gallbladder, and hernia cases, while discordance was noted in small bowel obstruction and necrotizing pancreatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Script concordance testing (SCT) successfully evaluates preoperative decision-making and differentiates between junior and senior surgical residents.
  • The observed discordance between resident performance and self-reported certainty underscores a need for enhanced preoperative decision-making education.
  • SCT is a valuable tool for identifying specific areas requiring targeted educational interventions in surgical training.