Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 15, 2025
Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
Published on: October 3, 2018
Acoustic Measures of Word-Level Prosody in Childhood Apraxia of Speech: An Initial Validation Study
Meghan Littlejohn1, Edwin Maas1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
Background:
The "gold standard" of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) diagnosis is expert clinical judgment based on perception of core features: inconsistent errors, impaired transitions, and impaired prosody. However, this standard has several limitations, which may be addressed with acoustic measures.
Purpose:
This retrospective study aims to provide initial validity evidence for nine acoustic measures of prosody and examine lexical stress production in CAS.
Method:
The study involves 33 children with CAS (4-8 years) imitating six bisyllabic words (three strong-weak, three weak-strong). For each word, nine acoustic measures of prosody were obtained: three pairwise variability index measures, two lexical stress ratio measures and their three component ratios, and word syllable duration. To address construct validity, we examined effects of stress pattern, age, and severity. To address convergent validity, we correlated acoustic measures with each other and with clinical-perceptual judgments of prosody. Finally, we examined the degree to which children with CAS differentiated stressed and unstressed syllables.
Results:
Findings revealed that acoustic measures differed between stress patterns. Six of the measures had moderate and significant correlations with CAS severity for strong-weak words but not weak-strong words, and none of the measures correlated with age. All acoustic measures showed moderate or strong correlations with each other for strong-weak words but only some did for weak-strong words. None of the measures correlated significantly with clinical-perceptual measures of prosody. Children demonstrated equal stress on most measures for strong-weak words but clear evidence of stress differentiation for weak-strong words.
Conclusions:
This study provides qualified initial support for the validity of all acoustic measures. Findings replicate and extend prior research to show that children with CAS may have difficulty with production of lexical stress. Prospective research is needed to control for stimulus features with a larger sample that includes a range of diagnoses.
Supplemental Material:
https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.29289032.
More Related Videos
10:11Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
Published on: December 14, 2012
14:05Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
Published on: January 23, 2017
Related Concept Videos
01:22Language Development
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.