Impacts of salt restriction on nutritional status, sarcopenia, and mortality of cirrhotic patients with ascites
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Salt restriction effectively controls ascites in cirrhosis patients but may worsen nutritional status and increase sarcopenia and mortality risk. An individualized dietary approach is crucial for better patient outcomes.
Area Of Science
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology
- Clinical Nutrition
- Internal Medicine
Background
- Ascites management in cirrhosis often involves salt restriction, but its effects on patient nutrition, muscle mass, and survival are not fully understood.
- Decompensated liver disease presents complex challenges, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation of dietary interventions.
Purpose Of The Study
- To assess the impact of a salt-restricted diet (SRD) on ascites control, body composition, sarcopenia, and survival in cirrhotic patients.
- To compare outcomes between patients adhering to a salt-restricted diet versus those on a salt-unrestricted diet (SUD).
Main Methods
- A prospective study involving 102 patients with grade III ascites, divided into SRD (n=46) and SUD (n=56) groups.
- Dietary sodium intake was measured using the Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire and spot urine Na/K ratio.
- Evaluations included nutritional status, sarcopenia assessment, ascites control, and six-month mortality.
Main Results
- The SRD group demonstrated superior ascites control, requiring fewer paracentesis sessions (1.57 vs. 4.07 per month, p<0.001).
- Sarcopenia was more prevalent in the SRD group, associated with lower skeletal muscle index (SMI) and total psoas muscle mass (TR PMM).
- Higher nutritional risk (p=0.001) and SRD (OR=1.65, p<0.001) were independent predictors of increased six-month mortality, which was significantly higher in the SRD group (67.4% vs. 35.7%).
Conclusions
- While salt restriction aids ascites control, it may negatively impact nutritional status and increase sarcopenia and mortality risks in cirrhotic patients.
- The findings underscore the need for personalized dietary strategies in managing cirrhotic ascites to balance fluid management with nutritional support and survival.
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