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Related Experiment Videos

Cow type and the nutritional environment: nutritional aspects.

C L Ferrell, T G Jenkins

    Journal of Animal Science
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cattle type significantly impacts energy requirements, with maintenance being the largest energy consumer. Understanding variations in maintenance energy is crucial for optimizing production efficiency in different environments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Animal Science
    • Nutritional Physiology
    • Agricultural Economics

    Background:

    • Previous research focused on cattle production efficiency output.
    • This review shifts focus to input requirements, specifically energy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the influence of cattle type on energy input requirements.
    • To analyze variations in energy needs for maintenance, growth, gestation, and lactation.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on cattle type and energy requirements.
    • Analysis of data on energy expenditure for different physiological functions.

    Main Results:

    • Maintenance accounts for 70-75% of annual energy needs, with significant variation among cattle types.
    • Maintenance requirements correlate positively with genetic potential for production.
    • Visceral organs, particularly the liver and gastrointestinal tract, are major drivers of maintenance energy expenditure.

    Conclusions:

    • High-producing cattle may be disadvantaged in restrictive environments, necessitating environmental and genetic resource synchronization.
    • Variation in maintenance energy is linked to visceral organ activity and protein synthesis, not solely body composition.
    • Further research is needed to understand the drivers of variation in maintenance energy expenditure and energetic efficiency.

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