Optimisation tools for meeting nutrient requirements of Indian children and adults at optimal cost

To present a tool and examine the minimum cost of a healthy and diverse diet that meets the daily requirements of essential nutrients for the people of India, using interactive web-based tools.

Linear-programming algorithms were adapted into two web-based tools: a Food Optimisation for Population (FOP) tool and a Diet Optimisation Tool (DOT). The FOP optimises daily food choices at a population level, considering local food consumption patterns. The DOT focuses on household or individual food selection.

India, with consideration of locally produced and consumed foods.

The two optimisation tools are demonstrated for the state of Bihar: the FOP tool at the population level, exemplified by diet optimisation for children aged 1-3 years, and DOT at the household level, demonstrated through diet optimisation for a household of four members.

Both tools provide cost-effective, optimised food plans, respecting cultural preferences. Based on food prices from June 2022, the FOP tool generated optimised diets for 1-3-year-old Bihari children priced at INR 26·8 (USD 0·32 converted as of January 2024 rate)/child/day. By applying a milk subsidy, this cost could drop to INR 23·7 (USD 0·28). The DOT was able to formulate a vegetarian diet for a family of four at INR 204 (USD 2·45)/day.

These web-based tools offer diet plans optimised to meet macro- and micronutrient requirements at population and/or individual/household levels, at minimum cost. This tool can be used by policymakers to design food-focused strategies that can meet nutritional needs at local price points, while considering food preferences.