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Exercise training and "ventilation threshold" in elderly.

S G Thomas, D A Cunningham, J Thompson

    Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed
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    Dynamic exercise training significantly boosts maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in older adults. However, this training did not significantly alter the ventilation threshold (VET), suggesting aerobic capacity improves more readily than VET in this population.

    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Gerontology
    • Cardiorespiratory Fitness

    Background:

    • Dynamic exercise training is known to enhance maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in elderly individuals.
    • The impact of such training on the ventilation threshold (VET) in this demographic remains understudied.
    • Understanding VET changes is crucial for assessing exercise adaptation and performance in older adults.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of a year-long dynamic exercise training program on VO2max and VET in inactive elderly males.
    • To determine if exercise training alters the relationship between VET and VO2max.
    • To compare the adaptability of aerobic capacity versus ventilatory threshold to exercise in the elderly.

    Main Methods:

    • A randomized controlled trial involving inactive elderly males (mean age 62 years).

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  • Participants were assigned to either a control group or an activity group undergoing 30 minutes of exercise, 3 days/week at 65-80% VO2max intensity.
  • VO2max and VET were assessed using incremental treadmill tests before and after 1 year of intervention.

    • Main Results:

    • The activity group showed an 18% increase in VO2max after 1 year, while the control group did not experience significant changes.
    • No significant changes in VET were observed in the activity group following the training intervention.
    • The ratio of VET to VO2max (VET/VO2max) significantly decreased in the trained group, indicating a relative shift in ventilatory control points.

    Conclusions:

    • Dynamic exercise training effectively increases aerobic capacity (VO2max) in elderly men.
    • Alterations in the ventilation threshold (VET) are less responsive to this type of training compared to improvements in VO2max in older adults.
    • These findings suggest that enhancing overall aerobic fitness may occur independently of significant changes in the ventilatory threshold in the elderly population.