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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

5.8K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

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Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
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Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging
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Auditory corticofugal circuits drive vocalization-guided maternal behavior.

Amy M LeMessurier, Gurket Kaur, Julia I Paraiso

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |July 16, 2025
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Maternal retrieval of pups relies on specific brain pathways. Silencing corticocollicular neurons impaired retrieval, while corticostriatal silencing had no effect, highlighting a critical role for the auditory cortex in social behavior learning.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Animal Behavior
    • Auditory Processing

    Background:

    • Maternal care, including pup retrieval, is vital for infant survival.
    • Virgin female mice learn pup retrieval through experience, correlating with auditory cortex (AC) plasticity.
    • Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are key signals for pup distress and maternal response.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of specific left AC projections in maternal pup retrieval behavior.
    • To understand the neural encoding of USVs in different projection pathways.
    • To examine plasticity in auditory circuits during the learning of retrieval behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Chemogenetic silencing of specific neuronal populations in the auditory cortex.
    • Optically-tagged in vivo whole-cell recordings and 2-photon Ca2+ imaging in awake mice.
    • Behavioral tracking of pup retrieval performance during learning.

    Main Results:

    • Silencing corticocollicular neurons impaired retrieval in expert mothers, while corticostriatal silencing did not.
    • Corticollicular neurons showed sustained activity increases to USVs, unlike corticostriatal neurons.
    • Both pathways showed USV responses that increased with improved retrieval performance, suggesting network plasticity.

    Conclusions:

    • Projections from the left auditory cortex to the inferior colliculus are essential for learned pup retrieval.
    • Sustained activity in corticollicular neurons may support the perception of pup USVs.
    • Auditory circuit plasticity underlies the development of expert maternal retrieval behavior.