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Early life food insecurity impairs memory function during adulthood.

Alicia E Kao1, Olivia P Moody1, Emily E Noble2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF-252, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0372, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early-life food insecurity in rats impaired hippocampus-dependent memory, even without metabolic changes. This research highlights potential long-term neurocognitive effects of unpredictable food access during development.

Keywords:
adolescentfood desertfood insecurehippocampushungerjuvenilememoryobesity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Food insecurity affects millions, yet its developmental neurocognitive and metabolic impacts are not well understood.
  • Early-life development is a critical window for brain and metabolic programming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term neurocognitive and metabolic consequences of early-life food insecurity.
  • To establish a novel rat model for controlling food access timing, type, and quantity during development.

Main Methods:

  • A rat model was used with three groups: Secure-chow (SC), Secure-mixed (SM), and Insecure-mixed (IM).
  • The Insecure-mixed group experienced unpredictable access to chow or high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diets at varying caloric levels during postnatal days 26-45.
  • Metabolic and behavioral assessments were conducted in adulthood, including tests for anxiety, exploration, impulsivity, and memory.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in adult caloric intake, body weight, or body composition were observed across groups.
  • Behavioral tests showed no group differences in anxiety-like, exploratory, or impulsive behaviors.
  • The Insecure-mixed group demonstrated significant impairments in hippocampus-dependent memory function compared to control groups.

Conclusions:

  • Early-life food insecurity, even without metabolic disturbances, can lead to lasting impairments in memory function.
  • This study provides evidence for a link between unpredictable food access during critical developmental periods and long-term cognitive deficits.