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Postfire Biogeochemical Processes: Implications to Source Water Quality in Fire-Influenced Watersheds.

Gavin Gleasman1,2, Xiaohan Mo3, Jeff W Atkins4

  • 1Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Salem State University, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, United States.

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|July 16, 2025
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Summary

Wildfires disrupt vital forested watersheds, altering water quality and hydro-biogeochemical processes. Understanding these complex post-fire changes requires an interdisciplinary approach to ensure safe global water resources.

Keywords:
Disinfection ByproductsDissolved Organic MatterLandscapeMetalMicrobial CommunityNutrientWatershed BiogeochemistryWildfire

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Forest Ecology
  • Hydrology
  • Geochemistry
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Forested watersheds are crucial for global water purification and supply.
  • Climate change is increasing wildfire frequency and severity, impacting these ecosystems.
  • Wildfires significantly disrupt watershed functions, affecting water quality and biogeochemical cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the complex impacts of fire severity on water quality in forested watersheds.
  • To investigate how post-fire rainfall patterns influence hydro-biogeochemical processes and constituent transport.
  • To highlight the need for interdisciplinary research to address post-wildfire water risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fire severity impacts on water quality parameters (nutrients, metal(loid)s, dissolved organic matter).
  • Analysis of fire-transformed constituents and disinfection byproduct formation.
  • Examination of hydro-biogeochemical process alterations (vegetation, soil, hydrology, microbial communities).

Main Results:

  • Fire severity directly modifies water quality through the production of various contaminants.
  • Post-fire rainfall dynamics critically influence the transport of these contaminants.
  • Alterations in water quality and biogeochemical processes can persist for months to decades.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary approach integrating forest ecology, hydrology, microbiology, and geochemistry is essential.
  • Bridging knowledge gaps between these fields is key to understanding diverse water quality risks.
  • Comprehensive research will improve mitigation strategies for global wildfire impacts on water resources.