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Indication-Based Planning for Tracheostomy in Pediatric Intensive Care Units: A Comprehensive Approach

Recep Gokce1, Serkan Dedeoglu2, Tayyar Kilinç2

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Katip Celebi University, İzmir.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|July 16, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric tracheostomy is increasingly common. Early tracheostomy in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) may improve outcomes for critically ill children, though timing is crucial.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Tracheostomy is a growing procedure in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
  • Advances in neonatal and pediatric intensive care have increased the need for tracheostomies.
  • Understanding indications and outcomes is vital for optimizing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze indications for tracheostomy in pediatric patients.
  • To categorize patients based on tracheostomy indications.
  • To evaluate the impact of tracheostomy timing on patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical diagnoses were grouped by organ system.
  • Patients were categorized into four indication groups: airway anomalies (AA), central nervous system (CNS) diseases, cardiopulmonary insufficiency (CPI), and neuromuscular diseases (NMD).

Main Results:

  • Nontraumatic neurological diseases (43.4%) were the most common indication.
  • Genetic/metabolic diseases (21.7%) and infection/sepsis (13%) were also significant indications.
  • No difference in early/late complications was observed between newborns and older children.

Conclusions:

  • The timing of tracheostomy significantly impacts outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients.
  • Early tracheostomy shows potential benefits for improving outcomes.
  • Further research into optimal timing strategies is warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pediatric intensive care unitsairway anomaliesmechanical ventilationpediatrictracheostomy

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