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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

18.0K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
18.0K
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

769
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
769
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

380
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
380
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

667
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
667
Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

33.9K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
33.9K
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

2.4K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
2.4K

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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
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Alkali-Soluble Resins as pH-Responsive Protective Colloids.

Mehdi Naderi1, Kiarash Farajzadehahary1, Timo Melchin2

  • 1POLYMAT and Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel pH-switchable stabilizer for emulsion polymers, enabling easy isolation of dry polymer powders and re-emulsification. This innovation simplifies storage and transport for applications in construction and coatings.

Keywords:
alkali-soluble resinsemulsion polymerizationpH-responsive latexesredispersible polymer powders

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Colloid Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Emulsion polymers are vital in adhesives, coatings, and construction materials.
  • Dry forms of emulsion polymers offer logistical advantages but require effective re-emulsification.
  • Existing methods for dry polymer isolation and re-dispersion can be challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a pH-switchable stabilizer for emulsion polymers.
  • To enable controlled coagulation and isolation of low glass transition temperature (Tg) polymer particles.
  • To achieve successful re-stabilization of the polymer into an emulsion.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of low Tg (14°C) vinyl acetate/VeoVa10 particles stabilized by high Tg alkali-soluble resins via seeded semicontinuous emulsion polymerization.
  • Latex coagulation at pH ≤ 3, followed by filtration, drying, grinding, and addition of kaolin as an anticaking agent.
  • Restabilization of the isolated polymer powder in water by applying energy and increasing pH.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful isolation of dry emulsion polymer powder with integrity.
  • Achieved re-dispersion of the isolated polymer into a stable emulsion by adjusting pH and applying energy.
  • Identified carboxyl-containing alkali-soluble resins as effective for pH-switchable stabilization and particle protection.

Conclusions:

  • A novel pH-switchable stabilization system allows for efficient dry powder isolation and re-emulsification of emulsion polymers.
  • The use of a hard shell from alkali-soluble resins protects low Tg particles during processing.
  • This method enhances the utility of emulsion polymers in applications requiring dry storage and easy re-application.