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Related Concept Videos

Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Plastic Behavior01:21

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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  11. Barriers To Successful Implementation Of Plastics Management Policies In Africa: A Case Study Of South Africa's Plastic Pollution Management Challenges

Barriers to successful implementation of plastics management policies in Africa: A case study of South Africa's plastic pollution management challenges

Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi1, Dana Kühnel1,2

  • 1Department of Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
|July 16, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

South Africa

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Environmental Policy
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Plastic pollution is a global environmental crisis impacting ecosystems and human health.
  • South Africa has developed domestic policies and ratified international agreements on plastic pollution.
  • Despite policy advancements, significant implementation gaps hinder effective plastic waste management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of South Africa's plastic pollution policies.
  • To identify barriers to policy implementation and propose solutions.
  • To highlight the need for enhanced public awareness and stakeholder integration in waste governance.

Main Methods:

  • Policy analysis of South African plastic waste regulations.
  • Assessment of implementation challenges, including public awareness and waste management infrastructure.
Keywords:
Extended Producer ResponsibilityPlastic Bags LevyPlastic pollution in AfricaSouth African Environmental Conservation Act

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  • Review of the role of informal waste pickers in plastic recovery.

    • Main Results:

    • Regulatory mechanisms like extended producer responsibility (EPR) schemes exist but face implementation gaps.
    • Lack of environmental education and public engagement limits behavioral change.
    • Fragmented waste systems and exclusion of informal waste pickers impede progress.
    • Limited enforcement of existing policies, particularly for single-use plastics.

    Conclusions:

    • Coordinated national environmental awareness campaigns are crucial for policy enforcement.
    • Formal integration of informal waste pickers into EPR schemes is essential.
    • A phased ban on problematic single-use plastics, with promotion of alternatives, is recommended.
    • Increased investment in citizen-focused implementation strategies is required for effective plastic waste governance.
    South African National Environmental Management Waste Act