Nutritional Factors Affecting Magnesium Bioavailability: A Narrative Review.

Area of Science:

• Nutrition Science
• Human Physiology

Background:

• Magnesium is the second most abundant intracellular ion, crucial for physiological functions.
• Maintaining magnesium homeostasis involves a balance of intake, excretion, and body stores.
• Current Western dietary patterns frequently result in inadequate magnesium intake and compromised status.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review nutritional factors that influence magnesium bioavailability.
• To inform dietary planning and the establishment of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).
• To prevent magnesium deficiency and associated non-communicable diseases.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of scientific literature.
• Evaluation of nutritional and physicochemical factors affecting magnesium absorption.
• Analysis of dietary enhancers and inhibitors of magnesium uptake.

Main Results:

• Dietary factors significantly impact magnesium absorption in the intestine.
• Specific nutrients and food types can either enhance or inhibit magnesium bioavailability.
• Alkalinizing foods like fruits and vegetables are beneficial for magnesium status.

Conclusions:

• Dietary modifications can improve magnesium bioavailability and status.
• Reducing sodium intake and increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables are recommended.
• Optimizing dietary magnesium intake is essential for preventing deficiency and non-communicable diseases.