miR-184 in hepatocellular carcinoma: a promising therapeutic target

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most prevalent form of liver cancer worldwide and has high mortality rates. miRNAs, particularly miR-184, have been implicated in cancer biology, where they regulate gene expression and influence tumorigenesis. This study explored the role of miR-184 in HCC, revealing its dual function as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor, depending on the target genes. We highlight the regulatory effects of miR-184 on critical genes such as INPPL1, FOXO3a, MTSS, OSGIN1, and SOX7 and its impact on key signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin and JAK2/STAT3/AKT pathways. Dysregulation of miR-184 expression in HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissue was linked to increased proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and autophagy inhibition. Furthermore, miR-184 shows promise as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC because of its altered expression in cancerous tissues and blood. Its regulation through circRNAs and lncRNAs such as lncRNA UCA1, circ_0004913, circ-0001141, circ-102,166, LINC00205, and SNHG11 adds a layer of complexity, challenging us to delve deeper into the intricate mechanisms of miR-184, positioning it as a crucial target for potential therapeutic intervention.