Uncommon presentation of neurobrucellosis

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Neurology
• Ophthalmology

Background:

• Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease with potential neurological complications.
• Neurological involvement in Brucellosis (neurobrucellosis) is uncommon, affecting up to 5% of cases.
• Ocular manifestations of neurobrucellosis are particularly rare.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of neurobrucellosis with significant neurological and ocular findings.
• To emphasize the importance of considering neurobrucellosis in patients with relevant exposure and symptoms.
• To illustrate the clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges of neurobrucellosis.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 26-year-old female with progressive lower limb weakness.
• Clinical examination including assessment for papilledema and muscle weakness.
• Diagnostic confirmation through Brucella culture, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with headache, visual disturbances, lower limb weakness, and papilledema.
• Neurobrucellosis was confirmed via positive Brucella culture and CSF abnormalities.
• Antibiotic treatment led to significant recovery after five months.

Conclusions:

• Neurobrucellosis should be considered in endemic areas, especially with compatible symptoms and exposure history.
• Distinct clinical and radiological features aid in diagnosis.
• Prompt recognition and treatment are vital to mitigate severe morbidity.