Altered expression of autophagy-related molecules and β-catenin in different subtypes of thyroid cancer: co-localization in intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Autophagy molecules p62, LC3B, and β-catenin show varied expression in thyroid carcinoma (TC) subtypes. Their co-localization, especially p62 with β-catenin and LC3B, correlates with BRAF<sup>V600E</sup> mutations and may indicate autophagy dysfunction in papillary thyroid cancer.
Area Of Science
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Pathology
Background
- Thyroid carcinoma (TC) encompasses diverse histological types with varying prognoses.
- Autophagy, a cellular degradation process, and its related molecules are implicated in cancer development.
- Specific expression patterns of autophagy markers like p62, LC3B, and β-catenin in different TC subtypes remain unclear.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the expression levels and co-localization of autophagy-related molecules (β-catenin, LC3B, p62) in various thyroid carcinoma histological types.
- To determine the association of these molecules with clinicopathological characteristics, including BRAF<sup>V600E</sup>/TERT promoter mutations and Ki-67 index.
- To explore the potential role of these molecules in thyroid carcinogenesis and tumor aggressiveness.
Main Methods
- Dual-color immunofluorescence analysis of β-catenin, LC3B, and p62 on 70 surgically resected thyroid nodules.
- Inclusion of various TC types: papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), poorly differentiated (PDTC), anaplastic (ATC), and benign controls (FA, HTT).
- Statistical analysis to correlate marker expression and co-localization with mutations and clinicopathological features.
Main Results
- p62 immunoreactivity was highest in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), particularly classical and tall cell subtypes, co-localizing with LC3B and β-catenin within intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions (INIs).
- p62 expression was infrequent in follicular TC (FTC) and poorly differentiated TC (PDTC).
- Co-localization of p62, β-catenin, and LC3B significantly correlated with BRAF<sup>V600E</sup> mutations; abnormal β-catenin expression was noted in tall cell PTC.
Conclusions
- Distinct expression patterns of β-catenin, LC3B, and p62 exist across different thyroid carcinoma types.
- Abnormal β-catenin expression may indicate autophagy dysfunction, potentially driving genomic instability and tumor aggressiveness.
- These autophagy-related molecules might cooperatively contribute to INI formation during papillary thyroid carcinoma development.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the...
The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...