Uterine angle changes during the in vitro fertilization treatment cycle

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Gynecological Imaging

Background:

• Limited research exists on cyclical changes in the uterocervical angle during the menstrual cycle.
• Previous studies have primarily focused on uterine peristalsis and endometrial development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the dynamic changes in the uterocervical angle throughout the menstrual cycle.
• To understand the variations in uterine angle during the menstrual, ovulatory, and implantation periods.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 99 freeze-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles.
• Prospective analysis of 192 cycles using transvaginal ultrasonography.
• Standardized scanning conditions including bladder emptying and avoiding uterine compression.

Main Results:

• Significant differences in uterocervical angle were observed between menstrual, ovulatory, and implantation periods in both retrospective and prospective analyses.
• The uterine angle showed a trend towards anteversion during the menstrual and implantation phases.
• No correlation was found between the uterocervical angle and serum estradiol or progesterone levels.

Conclusions:

• The uterocervical angle exhibits significant cyclical variation throughout the menstrual cycle.
• These changes may influence reproductive processes, although hormonal correlations were not identified.
• Further research is warranted to explore the functional implications of these dynamic uterine angle shifts.